{
 "schema": 1,
 "levels": {
  "A": "Surveyed or measured data",
  "B": "Excavation record (plan, plate, page)",
  "C": "Published description",
  "D": "Analogy from other Indus buildings",
  "E": "Hypothesis, no direct evidence"
 },
 "records": [
  {
   "id": "gb.terrain",
   "level": "A",
   "name": "Terrain",
   "note": "Copernicus DEM GLO-30, a 30 m surface model"
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.satellite",
   "level": "A",
   "name": "Satellite image",
   "note": "Sentinel-2 L2A, 21 Feb 2026, 10 m"
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.site-outline",
   "level": "C",
   "name": "Site outline",
   "note": "OpenStreetMap way 841738149, 54 ha: a volunteer-drawn polygon with few vertices, coarse and not a survey. The UNESCO property is c. 240 ha."
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.tank.width-depth",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "Tank 7.0 m (23 ft) wide, long axis north–south, c. 2.4 m (8 ft) deep",
   "note": "Marshall 1931, Pl. XXII plan and Pl. XXIII sections AB and CD. Width 23 ft on both plates; depth reads 7.5 ft on section AB, Marshall’s text says 8 ft.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "label": "harappa.com",
     "url": "https://www.harappa.com/blog/mohenjo-daro-great-bath-diagram"
    },
    {
     "label": "Britannica",
     "url": "https://www.britannica.com/place/Great-Bath-Mohenjo-daro"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.tank.pool-length",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "Pool 10.2 m long between two stair recesses of 2.5 m each",
   "note": "Pl. XXII, read with the scale bar (±c. 0.3 m). Not settled: Marshall’s text gives 39 ft (11.9 m) and section AB reads 12.8 m (42 ft) from stair foot to stair foot."
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.stairs",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "Stairs 2.5 m wide at the north and south ends, ending on a full-width ledge c. 1.2 m long and 0.45 m high",
   "note": "Pl. XXII, Pl. XXIII section AB. Pl. XXVI(a) shows recesses for wooden treads.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "label": "harappa.com",
     "url": "https://www.harappa.com/blog/mohenjo-daro-great-bath-diagram"
    },
    {
     "label": "harappa.com",
     "url": "https://www.harappa.com/blog/great-bath-mohenjo-daro"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.tank.walls",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "Side walls double: inner wall 1.4 m, a 0.5 m bitumen-lined gap, outer wall 1.0 m",
   "note": "Pl. XXII; Pl. XXV(d) is captioned “lining of bitumen between outer and inner walls”. Bitumen under the floor is presumed and not shown.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "label": "harappa.com",
     "url": "https://www.harappa.com/blog/great-bath-mohenjo-daro"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.verandahs",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "Verandahs on the north (26), south (35) and east (12) with piers, c. 1.2 × 1.2 m at c. 2.8 m spacing (north and south rows drawn as original masonry)",
   "note": "Pl. XXII. The east and west piers are drawn in the legend’s “later additions” hatching; they are drawn as real piers of a later phase (grey tint). Pl. XXIII section CD cuts one east pier in black (original): the two plates disagree.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "label": "harappa.com",
     "url": "https://www.harappa.com/blog/mohenjo-daro-great-bath-diagram"
    },
    {
     "label": "harappa.com",
     "url": "https://www.harappa.com/blog/great-bath-mohenjo-daro"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.colonnade.east",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "East colonnade piers (Marshall: later additions)",
   "note": "Pl. XXII legend: open cross-hatching = “LATER ADDITIONS”. Eight piers traced, ±0.4 m. Marshall’s text calls the colonnade preserved; section CD (Pl. XXIII) draws one of these piers black.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "label": "harappa.com",
     "url": "https://www.harappa.com/blog/mohenjo-daro-great-bath-diagram"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.rooms",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "Rooms numbered 1–37 on Pl. XXII: east range of chambers 13–20 with the well in Chamber 16, south gallery 3 with chambers 4 and 5, halls 24–27 to the north",
   "note": "Pl. XXII. Traced by scale bar. Walls hidden by the fold creases added by hand (4 Oct 2026). Hatched walls (“later additions”) drawn in a grey tint; no wall is drawn “conjectural”; “brick filling” not drawn.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "label": "harappa.com",
     "url": "https://www.harappa.com/blog/mohenjo-daro-great-bath-diagram"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.well",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "Well in Chamber 16, ring c. 3.0 m across outside, c. 2.3 m inside",
   "note": "Pl. XXII, Pl. XXV(b). Height of the kerb is not shown."
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.water-chamber",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "Water-chamber 36 on the west side, 1.75 m wide, leading west to drain 37",
   "note": "Pl. XXII; Pl. XXIV(a) and (c) show the chamber. The drain is buried; turn on “Drain” to see it.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "label": "harappa.com",
     "url": "https://www.harappa.com/blog/mohenjo-daro-great-bath-diagram"
    },
    {
     "label": "Britannica",
     "url": "https://www.britannica.com/place/Great-Bath-Mohenjo-daro"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.drain.roof",
   "level": "C",
   "name": "Corbelled drain roof c. 6 ft 6 in (2 m) high, running west",
   "note": "Marshall’s text. Pl. XXIV(b) shows the corbelling but no scale. Text says south-west corner; the plan puts chamber 36 3.8 m south of the tank’s mid-line. The drawn overlay’s length (about 13 m), width and corbel courses are illustrative; only the 2 m roof height is published.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "label": "harappa.com",
     "url": "https://www.harappa.com/blog/mohenjo-daro-great-bath-diagram"
    },
    {
     "label": "Britannica",
     "url": "https://www.britannica.com/place/Great-Bath-Mohenjo-daro"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.building.extent",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "Original walls cover about 33 × 50 m (32.8 × 50.3 m of traced ink; 105 × 165 ft read from the bar); wall thickness 0.6–2.0 m",
   "note": "Pl. XXII. Marshall’s overall 180 × 108 ft (tertiary source) agrees east–west within 3 %; the north–south difference is probably the grey north and west parts. Not verified."
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.orientation",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "Turned 4.8° east of north (5.3 gon)",
   "note": "Aachen survey, axis “Great Bath West”, on a grid set by astronomical calculation; the report allows ±1 gon (0.9°). Earlier figure of 1–2° was a guess from the city grid.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "label": "Jansen & Urban, Interim Reports vol. 2 (1987), p. 33",
     "url": "https://archive.org/details/in.gov.ignca.77275"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.construction.brick-mortar-bitumen",
   "level": "C",
   "name": "Bricks set on edge in gypsum mortar; bitumen behind the side walls",
   "note": "Bitumen under the floor is presumed. Not visible in the model.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "label": "harappa.com",
     "url": "https://www.harappa.com/blog/great-bath-mohenjo-daro"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.brick.ratio-bond",
   "level": "C",
   "name": "Baked bricks in 1 : 2 : 4 proportion, alternating header and stretcher courses",
   "note": "The bond is attested at Mohenjo-daro. The plates on hand do not resolve the bond of this building. Marshall’s measured bricks (see gb.brick.size) are 1 : 2.4 : 4.9, so the “1 : 2 : 4” proportion is a rounding."
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.mound",
   "level": "C",
   "name": "Stands on the western (Citadel) mound",
   "sources": [
    {
     "label": "Britannica",
     "url": "https://www.britannica.com/place/Great-Bath-Mohenjo-daro"
    },
    {
     "label": "UNESCO",
     "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/138/"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.excavated.state",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "As excavated, c. 1926: brick walls standing to uneven heights, no roofs, no mud capping, no salt crust",
   "note": "Photographs Pl. XXI(b) (from the north) and Pl. XXVIII(d) (from the east), and the plan Pl. XXII, which is drawn as found. The model uses the plan for wall positions only; the uneven heights in the photographs are not measured and are not reproduced. The plates carry no dates: Marshall’s volume covers 1922–27 and the Bath is put in the 1925–26 seasons only by secondary sources. Salt decay was noticed soon after excavation."
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.stupa.plinth",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "Stupa plinth 22 × 16.4 m (72 × 54 ft), about 6.7 m (22 ft) high, with a hollow drum stump of unbaked brick about 9.6 m across and 2.4 m high",
   "note": "Marshall 1931 vol. III, Pl. XVI plan and section AB. The scale bar is skewed in the scan, so ±10 %. Height read from section AB."
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.stupa.position",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "Stupa centre about 75 m east and 20 m north of the centre of the Bath (±8 m)",
   "note": "Found by laying the traced plinth and monastery outline (Marshall III Pl. XVI) over satellite imagery (Esri World Imagery): peak 0.38 against 0.29 for the next, best angle 2° to 4°. It replaces the earlier reading from Mackay 1938 vol. II, Pl. I (78 m east, 13 m north, ±20 m), which was 7 m away. The imagery shows the plinth’s pit and the monastery walls clearly. Cross-checks (not independent of each other): OpenStreetMap node positions and an Esri tile read by a research pass put the stupa about 80 m east and 13 m north of the Bath; Wheeler’s Fig. 6 measured against the tank centre puts the plinth at (73.9, −16.3), 3.3 m from the fit; an earlier hand trace from the pool centre (70 E, 14 N) gave about 4 m once the reference point is aligned. The OpenStreetMap nodes differ from the fit by 8.6 m, so the error is stated as ±8 m.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "label": "Jansen & Urban (eds), Interim Reports vol. 2 (1987)",
     "url": "https://archive.org/details/in.gov.ignca.77275"
    }
   ],
   "kind": "fitted"
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.stupa.monastery",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "Monastery round a courtyard, outer walls about 54 × 43 m, cells numbered 1–58",
   "note": "Marshall 1931 vol. III, Pl. XVI. Only the outer and courtyard wall lines are modelled; the cells are not."
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.stupa.marshall",
   "level": "C",
   "name": "Marshall’s reading: a Buddhist stupa and monastery of the Kushan period, built about 150 CE and in use to about 500 CE",
   "note": "Marshall 1931, p. 123, as quoted by Verardi 1987, who finds the coins come from hoards in pits and are no firm date, and cites van Lohuizen-de Leeuw for a 6th–7th century date for the Sind stupas.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "label": "Jansen & Urban (eds), Interim Reports vol. 2 (1987)",
     "url": "https://archive.org/details/in.gov.ignca.77275"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.stupa.vb",
   "level": "C",
   "name": "Verardi and Barba’s reading: beneath the Buddhist remains the mound is an Indus stepped platform, like a ziggurat",
   "note": "From a summary on harappa.com, not read in full. Jansen found no Kushan sherds and supports the idea but wants firmer proof.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "label": "harappa.com",
     "url": "https://www.harappa.com/content/so-called-stupa-mound-mohenjo-daro-and-its-relationship-ancient-citadel"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.stupa.stepped",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Stepped Harappan platform: three tiers of 2.2 m on the plinth footprint",
   "note": "Tier count, size and height are chosen to show the idea. No plan of any steps exists.",
   "kind": "inference"
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.stupa.unmodelled",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Dome and drum height, monastery cells and roofs, and the stupa court’s level against the Bath",
   "note": "Pl. XVI shows no dome, and Marshall’s reconstruction is doubtful (Verardi 1987). The stupa’s base is set on the highest DEM ground (30 m cells) under the monastery footprint, about 11 m below the Bath’s platform, and a plain raised-ground block under it reaches down to the lowest surrounding ground; neither is measured.",
   "kind": "inference"
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.sun-path",
   "level": "C",
   "name": "Sun path",
   "note": "Axial tilt 23.97° c. 2500 BCE (computed by us from the Laskar 1986 series), 23.44° today. Not shown: the scene always draws the sun at the equinox, where the tilt has no effect."
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.stairs.steps",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Nine steps of 0.22 m rise and 0.27 m run",
   "note": "Section AB is too blurred in the scan for an exact count (9–11). Sockets suggest wooden treads. Cross-check from photographs (6 Wikimedia Commons views of both flights, counted by eye, ±1): 9 treads per flight (range 8 to 10, medium confidence), each riser about three brick courses, 0.24 to 0.27 m by eye. The model’s 9 steps agree; with the 0.45 m ledge they add to the 2.4 m depth. The photographs show the stairs after modern conservation, so they cannot say what was original. Counted for reference only; the photographs are not stored. The court floor and the steps are drawn from the plan’s outlines; their exact levels are not measured.",
   "kind": "inference"
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.walls.heights-roof",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Wall heights and the roof over the Great Bath’s verandahs (prediction view only)",
   "note": "No evidence for either. Shown only in the prediction view (colour-coded as a hypothesis). The roof covers the four verandah strips only; none is drawn over the rooms, halls or the south gallery.",
   "kind": "inference"
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.water",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Tank full of water to 0.35 m below the court (prediction view only)",
   "note": "Marshall says the tank was filled from the well in Chamber 16 “and possibly from other wells”; the water level, colour and duration of filling are not known. The Remains view shows the tank dry.",
   "kind": "inference"
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.stupa.heights",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Stupa monastery walls: 2.2 m (outer) and 1.6 m (courtyard) in the prediction view; 1.2 m placeholder in Remains",
   "note": "No height of the monastery walls is published or read from the plates. The stupa plinth (6.7 m, from section AB, ±10 %) and the drum stump (2.4 m) are the only stupa heights taken from a plate.",
   "kind": "inference"
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.excavated.heights",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Wall heights, ground level and tank contents in the remains view",
   "note": "No wall height is measured. Every wall is drawn 1.2 m high, a placeholder so that the traced plan can be read (the stupa plinth and drum stump are the exception: their heights come from the plate’s section, ±10 %); the photographs have no scale. The tank is shown dry; Pl. XXI(b) shows a flat pale surface in it that could be water or silt.",
   "kind": "inference"
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.colonnade.west",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "West colonnade piers (Marshall: later additions)",
   "note": "Pl. XXII draws five piers on the west side in the “later additions” hatching (the earlier model assumed them, level E). Traced ±0.4 m."
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.trace.gaps",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Doorways",
   "note": "Doorways are not modelled. The walls under the fold creases of Pl. XXII were traced by hand (±0.4 m there).",
   "kind": "inference"
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.brick.size",
   "level": "C",
   "name": "Brick size about 28 × 14 × 5.7 cm (11 × 5½ × 2¼ in)",
   "note": "Marshall 1931 vol. I (Great Bath chapter, read through archive.org OCR, so digits may be off by a tenth): the bath is built of specially cut bricks “ranging from 10.15 × 5.1 × 2.2 in. to 11 × 5.15 × 2.25 in.”, varying in length and breadth, and the corbelled passage 37 uses ordinary bricks of 11 × 5½ × 2¼ in. That is 27.9 × 14.0 × 5.7 cm, so the thickness is 5.7 cm, not the 7 cm assumed before (Kenoyer’s 7 × 15 × 29 cm is for later upper buildings). The proportion is therefore about 1 : 2.4 : 4.9, not exactly the published 1 : 2 : 4. The same size is used for every wall in the model, which is an assumption outside the Great Bath."
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.position",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "Great Bath tank centre at 27.32528° N, 68.13261° E (±5 m), turned 4.8° east of north; the mound’s shape and relief are not surveyed",
   "note": "Found by laying the traced wall plan over satellite imagery (Esri World Imagery, about 0.5 m per pixel, viewed not stored; date and georeferencing accuracy not stated by the provider) and correlating over ±30 m and 0° to 10°: peak 0.24 against 0.18, stable for 3° to 6°, which agrees with Jansen’s 4.8°. The earlier position, the highest point of the 30 m terrain model, was 59 m away. Level B, not A: it is a position read by us from imagery of unstated georeferencing, not a ground survey. The Bath stands on a flat raised block with a skirt down to the real terrain; the mound’s true outline and relief are not surveyed.",
   "kind": "fitted"
  },
  {
   "id": "gb.colours",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Water colour and brick colour",
   "kind": "inference"
  },
  {
   "id": "hall.walls",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "Columned Hall, L Area, Section C, Block 4: 9 wall pieces and 14 piers traced, about 22.5 × 20.7 m over all",
   "note": "Marshall 1931 vol. III, Pl. XXX (L Area plan, 1926–27). Black (original) ink only, scale bar 9.5 px/m, ±0.15 m on sizes. The plate is a coarse scan (10 cm per pixel). harappa.com gives about 27.5 m (90 ft) square; the plate does not match that figure."
  },
  {
   "id": "hall.piers",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "Piers about 0.8 × 1.4 m, in four columns about 5.2 m apart; rows about 4.4 m apart",
   "note": "Marshall 1931 vol. III, Pl. XXX (L Area plan, 1926–27). Fourteen black piers: 4, 3, 4 and 2 in the four columns from west to east, plus one at the north-west corner outside the columns, and wall stubs on the north side. The imagery shows columns about 5.7 m and rows about 5 m apart, 10 to 14 % off the trace. Hall descriptions speak of twenty piers in four rows of five, with only two rows preserved (harappa.com); the plate draws black piers in all four columns. Not settled."
  },
  {
   "id": "hall.position",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "Hall centre about 36 m east and 146 m south of the centre of the Bath (±4 m)",
   "note": "Found by laying the traced walls and piers (Marshall III Pl. XXX) over satellite imagery (Esri World Imagery): peak 0.45 against 0.32, best angle 4° to 7°. The imagery shows a building with regular pier rows at that spot (rows about 5 m apart, columns about 5.7 m) and the same size order as the trace. It replaces the earlier reading from Mackay 1938 vol. II, Pl. I (35 m east, 140 m south, ±20 m), 6 m away. Wheeler’s Fig. 6 traced by hand gives 31 m east and 149 m south of the Bath building’s centre (±10 %): within 5 m of the imagery fit.",
   "kind": "fitted"
  },
  {
   "id": "hall.orientation",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "Walls lie 3.0° (±0.5°) clockwise from the grid of Pl. XXX",
   "note": "Measured by straightening the scan (three blocks give 2.75°–3.0°). The plate does not say which north its grid uses, so the model turns the hall with the Bath’s frame (4.8°, Jansen). The 1.8° difference is inside the placement error."
  },
  {
   "id": "hall.name",
   "level": "C",
   "name": "“Columned Hall” is Marshall’s plate caption; “Pillared Hall” and “Assembly Hall” are later names, and its function is not known",
   "note": "Pl. XXXIV–XXXVI captions (“Section C: Columned Hall”, portions 23–26). The model uses no name for a function."
  },
  {
   "id": "hall.heights",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Heights of the hall’s walls and piers",
   "note": "Not measured: drawn at the same 1.2 m placeholder as the Bath in the Remains view. The scan of Pl. XXXI (sections AB and CD of the L Area) is cut off at the right edge, where the hall lies, and the sections are drawn with breaks, so no hall height can be read.",
   "kind": "inference"
  },
  {
   "id": "hall.untraced",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Rooms around the hall, paving and drain lines, and the ground level of the hall",
   "note": "Not traced: only black ink of the hall itself is drawn. The hall stands on the highest real ground under it plus a plain raised block; the true level is not surveyed. The roof over the hall is a separate hypothesis (see roofs.model).",
   "kind": "inference"
  },
  {
   "id": "larea.walls",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "The rest of the L Area: 220 wall pieces traced in 17 boxes (Blocks D with 1 and 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11, A, a hatched structure at the north-east and a street band)",
   "note": "Marshall 1931 vol. III, Pl. XXX (L Area plan, 1926–27), same sheet as the Columned Hall. Black ink only; the sheet is sheared as well as turned, so each box was straightened by rotation plus shear. Scale 9.45 to 9.5 px/m (the plate’s 20 ft grid agrees). Sizes ±0.15 m, inside a box ±0.3 to ±0.5 m, between boxes ±1 m, and about ±3 m between the west cluster and the hall. Ink coverage 73 to 95 % per box; thin walls under 0.4 m, hatching and numerals are not traced, so the model has gaps."
  },
  {
   "id": "larea.position",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "Each box is placed from the hall’s frame by its position on Pl. XXX (±9 m)",
   "note": "The hall is placed from satellite imagery (±4 m); the other boxes follow from their offsets on the same plate, which the sheet’s shear and folds make good to about ±3 m for the far blocks. The blocks D, 3, 5, 9, 8, A and 6 and 7 are not independently placed. Audit of 6 Oct: Wheeler’s Fig. 6 puts the rest of the L Area about 7 to 8 m north-west of this frame (sheet shift (−4.4, −6.9) m, peak 0.395 against 0.196; 15 of 17 boxes agree within 1.9 m, and the overlay shows the shifted boxes on Fig. 6’s black walls), while the satellite has a clear peak for the hall at its present frame (0.463 against 0.327) and gives scattered, unclear peaks for the other boxes. The hall and the rest of the sheet cannot be moved apart on one plate, so the frames are kept and the error widened to ±9 m; the plate’s warp is probably larger than the ±3 m assumed.",
   "kind": "fitted"
  },
  {
   "id": "larea.heights",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Heights of the L Area walls",
   "note": "Not measured. Pl. XXXI (sections AB and CD of the L Area) is cut off at the right edge of the scan and drawn with breaks; no height was read. Drawn at the 1.2 m placeholder in Remains; no predicted superstructure.",
   "kind": "inference"
  },
  {
   "id": "bathrooms.walls",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "Block 6, the bathroom block north of the Bath: 54 wall pieces, about 25 × 34 m, eight bathrooms round a passage",
   "note": "Mackay 1938 vol. II, Pl. VIII (SD Area, Bath Section, Block 6: plan of the group of bathrooms), black ink traced at 6.4 px/m. The plate’s scale-bar labels are blurred; read as 0 to 20 ft (10 ft = 19.5 px), ±5 %, and cross-checked: the traced block (24.7 × 33.5 m) matches Fig. 6 (25.8 × 34.7 m) and a bathroom of about 3 × 2 m matches Wheeler’s 9.5 × 6 ft. The plan is small and soft, so sizes are ±0.5 m and thin walls are missing. Wheeler (p. 29) describes eight bathrooms and a lane to the Bath; Mackay says the Bath building lies about 9 ft lower than the bathroom floors."
  },
  {
   "id": "bathrooms.position",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "Block 6 centre about 7.4 m east and 49 m north of the centre of the Bath (±5 m)",
   "note": "Wheeler 1953, Fig. 6: block outline (x −5.5 to 20.3, z −66.4 to −31.6 from the tank centre) across a lane 3.5 m wide from the Bath; Mackay vol. I gives the lane as about 7 ft (2.1 m). The Fig. 6 position is the only link; the traced block centre was set on its centre. Not independently confirmed. The error is ±5 m: Fig. 6 is a redrawn schematic (±3 m plus 2 % of the distance), and the block is placed relative to the Bath, whose own position is ±5 m.",
   "kind": "fitted"
  },
  {
   "id": "bathrooms.heights",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Heights of the bathroom block’s walls",
   "note": "Not measured: the sections on the same plate have no stated scale. Drawn at the 1.2 m placeholder; the Bath building lies about 9 ft (2.7 m) lower than the bathroom floors (Mackay), which is not modelled.",
   "kind": "inference"
  },
  {
   "id": "fig6.features",
   "level": "C",
   "name": "West tower (an L of wall about 7 × 11 m) and south-east fortification masses (about 11 × 30 m), as outlines read from Wheeler’s Fig. 6",
   "note": "Wheeler 1953, Fig. 6 (PDF p. 39), black outlines only, at 9.5 px/m (±2 %); a redrawn schematic, so ±3 m plus 2 % of the distance, and about ±8 m on the ground once the Bath’s own ±5 m is added. Level C for their existence and rough outline, not B: nothing but the figure supports the drawn shape. Wheeler (pp. 28 to 29) describes the west tower as baked brick and still about 10 ft high, with a postern to its north, and the south-east masses as burnt-brick towers (the earliest 31 × 22 ft) with timber lacing; the plates that would show them were not read. Both are drawn at the 1.2 m placeholder, and the fortification outline is jagged because the figure draws it as black masses."
  },
  {
   "id": "streets.widths",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "Street widths between the traced pieces: Main Street 3.7 to 4.5 m, Divinity Street 2.1 to 3.1 m, the lane north of the Bath 2.1 to 3.5 m",
   "note": "Mackay 1938 vol. I (pp. 9 to 10): Main Street 12 ft 3 in at the north end and 14 ft 8 in at the south (3.7 to 4.5 m); Divinity Street 6 ft 9 in to 10 ft 4 in at Block 1 (2.1 to 3.1 m). Wheeler Fig. 6: Main Street 4.5 m, Divinity Street 3.1 m, the lane 3.5 m. The streets themselves are not drawn; the gaps between pieces are where they run."
  },
  {
   "id": "hr.walls",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "HR Area, Sections A and B: 2522 wall pieces over about 190 × 135 m (nine blocks of Section B, First Street and the houses of Section A)",
   "note": "Marshall 1931 vol. III, Pl. XXXIX (PDF p. 57), black ink only, bar 0 to 50 ft = 245 px (16.1 px/m, ±1.5 %). The folded, warped sheet was traced in three bands, each turned about 6° (line statistics 4 to 8°, ±2°). Sizes ±0.3 m, inside a band ±0.5 m, between bands ±1.5 m. Walls down to 0.2 m thick were re-traced on 8 October (was 0.28 m), so the rectangles now cover about 70 % of the ink: partitions thinner than 0.2 m, small details and the numerals are missing."
  },
  {
   "id": "hr.position",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "HR sheet centre about 405 m east and 365 m south of the Bath’s tank in the model frame (±10 m)",
   "note": "The traced plan’s footprint was matched to the excavated HR area in Esri World Imagery (blurred edge density, ±90 m search): peak 0.56 against 0.41, stable for turns of 0 to 7.5°, 25 px from a first guess. A reading of Mackay 1938 vol. II, Pl. I (red excavation polygons) puts it about 14 m away; neither source is precise, so ±10 m. Position is relative to the Bath (±5 m), so about ±12 m on the ground.",
   "kind": "fitted"
  },
  {
   "id": "hr.orientation",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "Turned 7.5° east of north (Jansen: HR First Street 8.3 gon), 2.7° more than the Bath’s frame",
   "note": "Jansen & Urban, Interim Reports vol. 2, axis table (HR First Street 8.3 gon, Third Street 3.9 gon, surveyed 1979 to 80). The footprint fit does not distinguish turns of 0 to 7.5°."
  },
  {
   "id": "hr.heights",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Heights of the HR walls",
   "note": "Not measured. Pl. XXXIX is a plan. Drawn at the 1.2 m placeholder; the prediction view applies the same hypothesis heights as elsewhere (level E, no roofs).",
   "kind": "inference"
  },
  {
   "id": "hr.untraced",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Thin partitions, the stair and drain details, wells and room numbers, and the blocks east and west of the sheet",
   "note": "Not traced: walls thinner than 0.28 m, the brick-pattern and hatched details, well rings, the numerals, and the HR blocks beyond this sheet. Individual houses (House VIII, House V and others) are not separated or named in the model; each is on the plate and listed in docs/site-inventory.md.",
   "kind": "inference"
  },
  {
   "id": "dkg.walls",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "DK-G Area, Southern Portion: 1691 wall pieces over about 141 × 133 m (blocks 1 to 12, Central Street to First Street)",
   "note": "Mackay 1938 vol. II, Pl. XX (PDF p. 54), plan of the Late I and II periods, black ink only (the red numerals and grid were dropped), bar 0 to 50 ft = 98.6 px (6.47 px/m, ±3 %). The scan is soft, so sizes are ±0.5 m and the sheet was turned 1.25° (the fit is flat from 0.25 to 3°). Walls down to 0.2 m thick were re-traced on 8 October (was 0.3 m); about 73 % of the black ink’s area is now covered (was 64 %): partitions thinner than 0.2 m, small details, wells, the numerals and the drains are missing."
  },
  {
   "id": "dkg.position",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "DK-G (southern portion) sheet centre about 427 m east and 199 m north of the Bath’s tank in the model frame (±12 m)",
   "note": "The traced plan’s footprint was matched to the excavated DK-G area in Esri World Imagery (blurred edge density, ±60 m search): peak 0.74 against 0.61 for the next, stable for turns of 0 to 12°. A reading of Mackay 1938 vol. II, Pl. I (red excavation polygons, scale from the stupa and HR) puts it about 28 m away; neither is precise, so ±12 m relative to the Bath (±5 m), and the check against Pl. I is looser than for HR.",
   "kind": "fitted"
  },
  {
   "id": "dkg.orientation",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "Turned 6.5° east of north (Jansen: DK-G South First Street 7.2 gon), 1.7° more than the Bath’s frame",
   "note": "Jansen & Urban, Interim Reports vol. 2, axis table (DK-G South First Street 7.2 gon, Central Street 4.5 gon, surveyed 1979 to 80). The traced rectangles follow First Street; Central Street would be about 2.4° different, which this model does not show. The footprint fit does not distinguish turns of 0 to 12°."
  },
  {
   "id": "dkg.heights",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Heights of the DK-G walls",
   "note": "Not measured. Pl. XX is a plan of the Late I and II periods; no section was used. Drawn at the 1.2 m placeholder; the prediction view applies the same hypothesis heights as elsewhere (level E, no roofs).",
   "kind": "inference"
  },
  {
   "id": "dkg.untraced",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Other periods of DK-G, thin partitions, wells and drains",
   "note": "Not traced: the earlier-period plans (Pl. XVI to XIX), walls thinner than 0.3 m, well rings, drains and the numerals. Individual houses are not separated or named in the model; each is on the plate and listed in docs/site-inventory.md.",
   "kind": "inference"
  },
  {
   "id": "dkg.kilns",
   "level": "C",
   "name": "Three circular brick walls in DK-G Blocks 2 and 9, read by Mackay as probable pottery kilns of the very late Late Ia phase",
   "note": "Mackay 1938 vol. I (Central Street): the circular wall in the middle of the street “was once, I think, a pottery kiln. Very similar structures … were found in Blocks 2 and 9 (Pl. XX)”, and such a kiln is “of very late date”, the Late Ia phase or later. On Pl. XX they are rings of about 1.9 m, 2.4 m and 5.9 m across; positions were read by eye at 6.47 px/m (±0.3 m) and the 0.4 m wall thickness and 1.2 m height are placeholders. Mackay is not sure of the reading (“if so it be”), so level C and “probable”. The plan has other rings that may be wells; only these three are drawn. Marshall’s kiln in HR House VII (3 ft 6 in high) is a different structure and is not drawn."
  },
  {
   "id": "env.kilns.life",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Smoke, a potter and a few pots at the three DK-G kilns (prediction view)",
   "note": "Illustration. Kilns imply potters, but what they made there, who worked them and how they were fired are not recorded; Mackay dates them to the last phase of the city, so showing them in the \"Mature Harappan\" picture mixes phases. One standing figure, five pots and dark smoke are drawn at each kiln, and a glow at night. No kiln roof is drawn: nothing shows what covered them.",
   "kind": "illustration"
  },
  {
   "id": "dkgn.walls",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "DK-G Area, Northern Portion (section C of Pl. XIII): 1194 wall pieces over about 89 × 145 m (blocks 13 to 29, West Street, Central Street)",
   "note": "Mackay 1938 vol. II, Pl. XIII (PDF p. 40), the large plan of the Late Period (I and II), 1930 to 31, black ink only (red numerals and grid dropped), bar 0 to 50 ft = 98.4 px (6.46 px/m, ±3 %). The scan is soft, so sizes are ±0.5 m; the sheet was turned 3.0° (the fit peaks from 2.5 to 3.5°). The plan is cut by the fold on the east side. Walls down to 0.2 m thick were re-traced on 8 October (was 0.3 m); about 76 % of the black ink’s area is now covered (was 69 %): thin partitions, small details, wells, drains and the numerals are missing."
  },
  {
   "id": "dkgn.position",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "DK-G northern portion: sheet centre about 444 m east and 337 m north of the Bath’s tank in the model frame (±12 m)",
   "note": "The lower half of the traced plan (the part with standing walls in the imagery; the northern blocks are not visible in Esri World Imagery) was matched to the excavated area: peak 0.44 against 0.29. The plan’s south edge then meets the north edge of the Southern Portion (Pl. XX, fitted separately) within about 6 m north-south (the east-west extents of the two sheets differ, so that direction is not checked); this supports the pair but is not independent of the Mackay Pl. I reading used for the first guess. ±12 m relative to the Bath (±5 m).",
   "kind": "fitted"
  },
  {
   "id": "dkgn.untraced",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Sections A and B of Pl. XIII, the earlier-period plans, thin partitions, wells and drains",
   "note": "Not traced: sections A (the same ground at an earlier phase, rotated on the sheet) and B (West Street, blocks 15 to 19 in a strip) of Pl. XIII, Pl. XVI to XIX (earlier periods), walls thinner than 0.3 m, well rings, drains and the numerals. Heights are not measured (see dkg.heights); no section was used.",
   "kind": "inference"
  },
  {
   "id": "vs.walls",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "VS Area, A and B sections: 1431 wall pieces over about 135 × 170 m (Pl. LIII, 733, and the western and northern part of Pl. LVII, 698)",
   "note": "Marshall 1931 vol. III, Pl. LIII (PDF p. 84) and Pl. LVII (PDF p. 91), black ink only, bars 0 to 50 ft = 16.12 and 15.85 px/m (±1.5 % each, read by eye on a soft bar). Both sheets are folded. Each was traced at a single angle (8.2° and 10.9°); the true angle varies from 5.5° to 14° inside a sheet, so some walls are up to about 3° off. Block XV is on both plates; Pl. LIII’s version is kept. Walls down to 0.2 m thick were re-traced on 8 October (was 0.3 m); about 69 % of the black ink’s area is now covered (was 52 %): thin partitions, curved walls, wells and the numerals are missing. Pl. LVII is placed relative to Pl. LIII by the plates’ own geometry through Block XV (−54 m east, −68 m south). Its separate satellite fit differs from that by about 12 m, inside the ±6 m error of each fit. The sheets are squared up at different angles (8.2° and 10.9°) but joined in one frame, which can move far walls by about 2 m."
  },
  {
   "id": "vs.position",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "VS area: Pl. LIII sheet centre about 442 m east and 202 m south of the Bath’s tank in the model frame (±8 m)",
   "note": "The footprint of each traced plan was matched to the excavated VS area in Esri World Imagery (blurred edge density): Pl. LIII peak 0.71 against 0.56, Pl. LVII 0.60 against 0.48, stable for turns of 0 to 14°. A first guess from Mackay Pl. I was about 200 m off and was replaced by the satellite fit. ±8 m relative to the Bath (±5 m); the satellite does not constrain the rotation.",
   "kind": "fitted"
  },
  {
   "id": "vs.orientation",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "Turned 9.2° east of north (Jansen: VS First Street 10.2 gon), 4.4° more than the Bath’s frame",
   "note": "Jansen & Urban, Interim Reports vol. 2, axis table (VS First Street 10.2 gon, surveyed 1979 to 80). The whole-sheet fits of the plates (8.2° and 10.9°) bracket it. Local angles inside a sheet differ by up to about 8°, which this model does not follow."
  },
  {
   "id": "vs.heights",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Heights of the VS walls",
   "note": "Not measured; the plates are plans. Drawn at the 1.2 m placeholder; the prediction view applies the same hypothesis heights as elsewhere (level E, with roofs over enclosed rooms).",
   "kind": "inference"
  },
  {
   "id": "dkabc.walls",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "DK Area sections A (78 wall pieces), B and C (1032) and E (93), traced from Pls. LXI, LXII and LXIV",
   "note": "Marshall 1931 vol. III, Pl. LXI (PDF p. 99, A), Pl. LXII (p. 100, B and C together, printed with north to the left and turned a quarter turn) and Pl. LXIV (p. 104, the E section, not A, B or C). Black ink only; bars read at 16.18, 10.60 and 11.48 px/m (±1 to 1.5 %). The sheets are folded or patched and the walls lie at different angles in different parts (−11.5° to +6°), so each plan is traced in bands (4, 8 and 1) and each band is its own block. Coverage is 35 to 75 % of the ink: A’s north blocks 3 and 4 are the weakest (about 35 %), the west arm of A’s drain gave no rectangles, and the faint printing of houses 15 and 16 on Pl. LXII was re-thresholded separately. Seams between bands may be displaced by a few metres."
  },
  {
   "id": "dkabc.position",
   "level": "C",
   "name": "Positions of DK A, B and C, and E: about ±25 m (A 851 m east, 62 m south; B and C 769 m east, 44 m north; E 360 m east, 226 m north of the tank, true north)",
   "note": "Read from Mackay 1938 vol. II, Pl. I (the site plan, red excavation polygons) with a transform fitted on 13 October 2026 to six places whose positions are fixed by satellite fits (stupa, HR, the two VS sheets, DK-G south and north): scale 0.92 m per pixel of the reading crop, rotation 0.3 degrees, residuals 7 to 16 m (rms about 11 m). The same transform puts the centres of the unfitted DK areas at the positions given, with about ±25 m allowed (the reading error of a few pixels, about 9 m, plus the transform’s 11 m, plus drawing error in the site plan). The Esri imagery shows no excavation traces at these sites, so there is no imagery check. E was moved 10 m west of its fitted place (inside the error) so that it does not overlap DK-G. Level C because the positions rest on a published sketch calibrated on the model’s own fits. Earlier readings (±45 to 55 m) used a rougher scale and are superseded.",
   "kind": "fitted"
  },
  {
   "id": "dkabc.orientation",
   "level": "C",
   "name": "Orientation from each sheet’s north arrow: A −2.2°, B and C about 0°, E +5.6° east of north (each ±2°), plus each band’s own angle",
   "note": "Read from the printed north arrows on a zoom (±1 to 2°); the satellite does not constrain them. Jansen’s table gives DK-A drain 5.5 gon (5.0°); the A south blocks come out at 4.0°, close, but what Jansen measures and its sign were not checked here."
  },
  {
   "id": "dkabc.heights",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Heights of the DK A, B, C and E walls",
   "note": "Not measured; the plates are plans. Drawn at the 1.2 m placeholder; the prediction view applies the same hypothesis heights as elsewhere (level E, with roofs over enclosed rooms).",
   "kind": "inference"
  },
  {
   "id": "dkabc.untraced",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Parts of DK A, B, C and E that were not traced",
   "note": "Not traced: the west arm of the drain on Pl. LXI, walls thinner than 0.3 m, round features (wells), the drain hatching, and the numerals. Pl. LXIII (VS) and the DK sections beyond these plates are not included; the lettering and a few paper-fold artefacts are not separated from walls.",
   "kind": "inference"
  },
  {
   "id": "sb.walls",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "Southern Buildings Section: 267 wall pieces traced in nine blocks, over a sheet of about 54 × 96 m",
   "note": "Marshall 1931 vol. III, Pl. XXVII (Southern Buildings Section, 1925–26). Black ink only, scale bar 15.95 px/m (read 0–50 ft, digits legible), ±0.15 m on sizes, ±0.3 m inside a block, ±1 m between blocks. The plate marks no later or conjectural walls, so the phase of each wall is not stated."
  },
  {
   "id": "sb.position",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "Sheet centre about 49 m east and 39 m south of the tank centre (±8 m)",
   "note": "Joined to the Bath plate: the west edge of Pl. XXVII (a street with a drain, a thick wall west of it, rooms 2 and 4 beside the wall) is the east edge of Pl. XXII (the street east of the Bath, a thick wall 28 to 48 m south, rooms beside it); both sheets carry “continuation plate” notes there. Matched by ink: sheet centre at x 49.3, z 38.8 m, unchanged within 1 m for sheet rotations of 0.5° to 3°; reading the thick wall’s end on both plates by eye agrees within 1.5 m. The score is low (0.31, next best 0.27) because only one small structure is shared, so the error is ±5 m (scan warp, and the sheets are not drawn on one grid). This replaces the earlier ±20 m placement from Mackay Pl. I (73 m east, 50 m south), which was 26 m away from this. Consequence: the sheet’s north-east corner now overlaps the south end of the stupa monastery and of Block 1 by a few metres; those two frames come from Mackay Pl. I and Pl. VI (±20 m) and are the less certain. Satellite check: little of this area shows in the imagery (sand and trees), and a weak fit (0.13 against 0.03) put it 12 m further west, so the error is stated as ±8 m. Overlap measured: after Block 1 was moved to its Fig. 6 position, 28 traced Southern Buildings wall rectangles still cut walls of Block 1 (8.6 m²); overlap with the stupa monastery rings has not been re-measured. At least one of the frames is wrong. Audit of 6 Oct: the only wall overlaps now are Block 1 (8.6 m², 28 pairs, block B1 of the Southern Buildings against the south end of Block 1) and the stupa monastery (5.95 m², 12 pairs, blocks B2a and B2b against the monastery’s south wall). Fig. 6 gives 9 of 9 clear peaks for the Southern Buildings blocks within 2.3 m of the frame, so the frame is kept; the overlaps look like one building traced from two plates, not a misplaced frame.",
   "kind": "fitted"
  },
  {
   "id": "sb.orientation",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "Blocks tilt 0.4° to 6° from the plate’s axes, growing down the sheet; treated as scan warp",
   "note": "Each block was straightened on its own. Block 1 reads 0.4°, Blocks 3 to 5 about 2° to 3.5°, Block 7 5.2°, Block 8 6°; the angle rises steadily from north to south, which a warped, folded scan explains better than real buildings. Blocks are drawn square to the Bath’s frame (4.8°). Jansen gives 4.4 to 5.8 gon for streets of the SD area, close to the Bath’s 5.3 gon."
  },
  {
   "id": "sb.name",
   "level": "C",
   "name": "“Southern Buildings Section” is the plate’s title; it is not the “College of Priests”",
   "note": "The College of Priests is described north-east of the Great Bath, found by Mackay in 1927 (harappa.com). An earlier task note equated Pl. XXVII with the College; no source seen here supports that, so the model does not use the name."
  },
  {
   "id": "sb.heights",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Heights of the Southern Buildings walls",
   "note": "Not measured. Pl. XXVII is a plan with no sections; Pl. XXVIII(a) to (c) are photographs without a scale object. Drawn at the 1.2 m placeholder in the Remains view.",
   "kind": "inference"
  },
  {
   "id": "sb.untraced",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "A separate block west of the drain, small blocks east of the fold, doorways, the street paving and drain lines, and the ground level",
   "note": "Not traced: the detached block at the plate's west edge (rooms 2 and 4, “continuation plate XXI”), the small blocks east of Block 7 (“6”, “8 PAVING”), paving and drain lines, doorways. The sheet stands on the highest real ground under it plus a plain raised block; the true level is not surveyed.",
   "kind": "inference"
  },
  {
   "id": "roofs.inferred",
   "level": "C",
   "name": "The buildings were roofed, but no roof survives: it is inferred from the piers, verandahs, staircases and drains",
   "note": "Marshall concluded the Columned Hall was roofed and that each row once had five piers (harappa.com, a summary; Marshall’s own text not read). Staircases in the Bath’s east range and in other buildings lead up to a roof or upper floor (places file, sources behind it). Roof material is usually assumed to be timber beams with reeds and mud; that is an analogy, not an excavation record.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "label": "harappa.com, The Mysterious Pillared Hall",
     "url": "https://www.harappa.com/blog/mysterious-pillared-hall-mohenjo-daro"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "roofs.model",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Roofs in the prediction view: flat, 3.35 m high, over the Great Bath’s four verandah strips and over the Columned Hall; none over the Southern Buildings or the Great Bath’s rooms",
   "note": "Form, material, height and span are not documented for any building here. The slabs only show that a roof is thought to have existed; they are not a reconstruction. The Remains view draws no roof.",
   "kind": "inference"
  },
  {
   "id": "env.roofs.houses",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Flat mud roofs over the rooms of the L Area, the bathroom block, the HR area and DK-G (prediction view)",
   "note": "Hypothesis only. The plans show walls, not roofs, beams or ceilings. A flat roof at 3.3 m is placed over every space the traced plan encloses (doorways up to 1.2 m treated as closed, rooms up to about 45 m²); larger enclosed spaces are left open as courtyards. Rooms the plan does not close, because thin walls were not traced, get no roof. Marshall concluded that the Pillared Hall was roofed (see roofs.inferred); nothing documents the roofs of houses.",
   "kind": "inference"
  },
  {
   "id": "env.river",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "The Indus drawn as a band about 3 km east of the Great Bath (prediction view)",
   "note": "Hypothesis only. Britannica gives the Indus as about 3 km (2 miles) from Mohenjo-daro today (https://www.britannica.com/place/Mohenjo-daro). Where the river ran in the Mature Harappan period is not known, so the band’s position, width (420 m) and bends are illustrative, and its water level follows the modern ground. That the river fed the city (floods for the fields, boats for transport and trade) is the general view of the sources, not a measurement at Mohenjo-daro.",
   "kind": "inference"
  },
  {
   "id": "env.boats",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Fourteen reed boats drifting down the Indus (prediction view)",
   "note": "Illustration. Seals from Indus sites show high-prowed, flat-bottomed river boats with a reed cabin and a steering oar (https://www.harappa.com/blog/indus-boat-seal), which is the basis for the shape. Nothing records the number, size or place of boats near Mohenjo-daro; the 22 to 32 m hulls and their positions are invented for the picture. Mackay 1938 vol. I describes a rough graffito of a river boat from Mohenjo-daro with a sharply upturned prow and stern, one steering oar and a possible mast, and says such boats must have been familiar there.",
   "kind": "illustration",
   "sources": [
    {
     "label": "harappa.com, Indus boat seal",
     "url": "https://www.harappa.com/blog/indus-boat-seal"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "env.fields",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "140 cultivated fields, 70 on the river bank and 70 round the city (prediction view)",
   "note": "Illustration. Marshall 1931 vol. I says the people cultivated wheat and barley and the date palm, and Mackay 1938 vol. I says goods must have moved in and out of the city by boat, but no field plan or crop map for Mohenjo-daro was found. The plots, their sizes, places and colours are random and show no crop; the ones round the city lie 150 to 700 m outside the traced pieces.",
   "kind": "illustration"
  },
  {
   "id": "env.carts",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "About 28 bullock carts on tracks outside the city, round its edge and along the river bank (prediction view)",
   "note": "Illustration. Terracotta models of two-wheeled carts with solid wheels, some with bullocks, are known from Mohenjo-daro and Harappa. Marshall inferred no wheeled traffic inside the city from the unrutted earth streets, so the carts are kept outside it, walking back and forth along invented tracks 55 m from the traced pieces and 90 m from the river band. Number, tracks, sizes and colours are invented. Primary basis: Marshall 1931 vol. I (chapter on the civilization, toys): terracotta toy carts, some with oxen yoked, compared on Mackay’s plate with modern Sindh farm carts; Mackay 1938 vol. I: broken model cart frames at all levels (Pl. CXLII, 83) and large pottery wheels for model carts (Pl. CXII, 5). A newspaper article and a museum print page cited here earlier were removed in favour of these.",
   "kind": "illustration"
  },
  {
   "id": "env.animals",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Herds of humped cattle and flocks of goats that graze and wander on the grass (prediction view)",
   "note": "Illustration. Animal figurines at Indus sites are mostly cattle, many humped (zebu) and some buffalo; goats are drawn as small versions of the same shape. Number, places and colours are invented; buffalo, sheep and dogs are not drawn. Their walking, grazing and resting are a simple made-up routine. Primary basis: Marshall 1931 vol. I lists the Indian humped bull (zebu), buffalo and sheep among animals whose skeletal remains were recovered; Mackay 1938 vol. I describes models of humped oxen (e.g. Pl. LXXIX, 26) and models of goat and kid. A newspaper article cited here earlier was removed.",
   "kind": "illustration"
  },
  {
   "id": "env.people",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "About 200 people: walkers in the lanes (many in pairs, some with head-loads), herders, and people at work and play in the courtyards (prediction view)",
   "note": "Illustration. People certainly lived and worked here, but what they wore, how many were out, and where they walked are not recorded. The figures are simple blocks with swinging arms, dark hair and a shawl in cream, ochre, green or brown cloth, in four skin tones; they are there to show scale and life, not appearance. Some lane walkers carry a bundle on the head, and about a third walk with a companion. In the open courtyards found by the room finder (up to 70) four scenes repeat: grinding grain on a saddle quern, cooking at a pot, three children running about with one pulling a toy cart, and two neighbours sitting and talking. Saddle querns (Mackay 1938 vol. I, Pl. CVIII, 31 and 34, in the Palace court; Marshall 1931 vol. I), cooking places and toy carts (Marshall 1931 vol. I) are known from the site, but where any of this happened is invented.",
   "kind": "illustration"
  },
  {
   "id": "env.dogs",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Twenty-four dogs wandering the lanes (prediction view)",
   "note": "Illustration. Dogs were domesticated at Mohenjo-daro: Mackay 1938 vol. I describes a copper or bronze dog and a pottery dog (Pl. LXXVII, 16 and 17), one with a collar, and models of a second, lighter type with longer faces and prick ears (Pl. LXXIX, 4, 6, 11, 12, 15); Marshall 1931 vol. I also lists the dog among domesticated animals. Their number (24), colours and routes are invented, and they are drawn as small blocks.",
   "kind": "illustration"
  },
  {
   "id": "env.bath.life",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Bathers on the Great Bath stairs and a water-drawer at the well in Chamber 16 (prediction view)",
   "note": "Illustration. Marshall read the building as a bathing tank with a flight of steps at each end and a well in Chamber 16 that supplied it (see the Great Bath records). What is drawn is only a few plain figures: six walking slowly down and up the stairs, three standing beside the tank, one drawing a jar of water at the well and one waiting with a jar on the head. Who used the Bath, when, and in what dress or ritual is not known, so no costume, gesture or role is shown. Only the Chamber 16 well was placed: other wells on the plans (for example in DK-G, the Southern Buildings and Block 6) were not located reliably in the traced plans, so none is drawn.",
   "kind": "illustration"
  },
  {
   "id": "env.flood",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Flood season: the Indus spreads over its bank and the nearest fields (switch in the toolbar, prediction view)",
   "note": "Illustration. The river flooded each year and the floods fed the fields (Britannica; the general view of the sources), but where the water reached at Mohenjo-daro, how deep, and in which month are not known. The 1,150 m width is invented. The city itself is not flooded: a flood that drowned the city is a disputed older thesis and is not shown.",
   "kind": "illustration"
  },
  {
   "id": "env.trade",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Traders sitting along the First Street benches and porters loading two boats at the bank (prediction view)",
   "note": "Illustration. Mackay found 4.5 ft wide benches along the First Street frontages of DK-G Blocks 5 and 6 (see the Places entry), and boats on seals show river transport. That anyone sat at the benches selling pots, or that grain was loaded at a bank near the city, is not recorded. Six seated figures with three pots each, two moored boats, a pile of sacks and six porters are drawn; none of the places is surveyed (the benches are placed within about 20 m, and the loading place is invented). No market stalls, awnings, weights or scales are drawn.",
   "kind": "illustration"
  },
  {
   "id": "env.birds.smoke",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Birds circling over the river and city, and smoke rising from sixteen roofs (prediction view)",
   "note": "Illustration. Thirty birds in six flocks and sixteen columns of smoke from cooking fires are drawn for atmosphere; nothing records either. Trees and grass also sway slightly in a made-up breeze.",
   "kind": "illustration"
  },
  {
   "id": "env.floors",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Pale plaster floors in the rooms the traced walls enclose (both views)",
   "note": "Hypothesis. The plans show walls, not floor surfaces. Every space the traced walls close (doorways up to 1.2 m treated as closed, rooms up to about 45 m²) is drawn with a pale floor so that houses read as rooms; courtyards and lanes are left as open ground. Rooms the plan does not close, because thin walls were not traced, get no floor. The colour and material are invented.",
   "kind": "inference"
  },
  {
   "id": "env.timber.exists",
   "level": "C",
   "name": "Timber was used on the Great Bath stairs and in roofs (documented; the basis of the “Timber detail” layer)",
   "note": "Marshall 1931 vol. I (read through archive.org OCR): each tread of the Great Bath stairs has a recess at both ends and a channel for timber at the foot, so it is “probable” that the treads were covered with wood; roofs of Mohenjo-daro houses were stout timbers covered with planking and beaten earth; charred ends of deodar and sissoo rafters were found embedded in brickwork of a house with a low ceiling; a roof beam of Chamber 36 is mentioned. This is all the layer rests on."
  },
  {
   "id": "env.timber.form",
   "level": "E",
   "kind": "illustration",
   "name": "How the timber is drawn: 18 tread boards, round rafters 14 cm thick at 0.65 m spacing, 0.25 m projection, brown (past view, switch “Timber detail”)",
   "note": "Illustration. Nothing records the spacing, size, projection or colour of the rafters, or the thickness of the treads (7 cm drawn); the hall’s roof itself is a hypothesis (roofs.inferred). The layer is off by default."
  },
  {
   "id": "env.sound",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Ambient sound made in the browser: wind, river, a faint crowd, birdsong and the lowing of cattle (off until you press the button)",
   "note": "Illustration. No recordings are used; the sounds are generated from noise and simple tones, and are louder near the river and the city. Nothing is known of the real soundscape.",
   "kind": "illustration"
  },
  {
   "id": "env.night",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Night: stars, a moon, warm hearth glows in courtyards and on roofs, and a day cycle (prediction view)",
   "note": "The Sun’s path is computed (see gb.sun-path); the stars, the moon (its place and phase are not modelled) and the faint blue moonlight are illustration. Hearths and cooking places are documented at Mohenjo-daro (for example the six cooking channels of DK-G Block 9A and fireplaces in the HR houses, in the plans and the inventory), so a glow in a courtyard is a plausible place for a fire, but the number and places of fires are invented, and the glows on roofs stand for smoke holes. Whether pottery lamps were used is not checked here. At night the figures, carts and birds are not drawn and the herds lie still, which is a made-up routine.",
   "kind": "illustration"
  },
  {
   "id": "env.vegetation",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Scrub trees and grass around the site (prediction view)",
   "note": "Hypothesis only. harappa.com (after Marshall) describes the flood plain as covered by a vast scrub forest, which is the only basis. No species, position or density is recorded, so the trees and grass are a seeded random scatter kept clear of the traced pieces. No hills are drawn: the site lies on a flat alluvial plain, and the nearest range is beyond the edge of the terrain.",
   "kind": "illustration"
  },
  {
   "id": "college.walls",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "Block 1, SD Area (probably Mackay’s “College”): 146 wall pieces traced, about 20 × 60 m over all, with rooms 1 to 78 and a court yard with a pier row",
   "note": "Mackay 1938 vol. II, Pl. VII (SD Area, middle section, Block 1, “Late Period building”). Black ink only, bar 0–25 ft = 13.94 px/m (±1.5 per cent), sizes ±0.15 m, positions ±0.3 m. The plate calls it a late-period building and does not mark which walls are earlier; no hatching legend is on the sheet."
  },
  {
   "id": "college.position",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "Block 1 centre about 36 m east and 15.5 m north of the centre of the Bath (±8 m)",
   "note": "Moved from 43 m east, 9 m north (±20 m, read from the layout of Mackay Pl. VI) to this position after Wheeler 1953 Fig. 6 was measured against the model: the figure shows the block (35.4 east, 14.9 north of the tank centre) and its court piers (36, 15.8) at the same place, and Main Street 4.5 m wide between it and the Bath; the old frame left a 14 m gap and overlapped the stupa monastery. Gaps in the model: Block 1’s west edge is 7 m from the Bath’s east face (Fig. 6: Main Street 4.5 m) and its east edge 8 m from the monastery (Divinity Street 2 to 3 m), so the block may be about 2.5 m too far east, inside ±8 m. Two passes traced Fig. 6 and agree within 3 m (they are the same figure, so not independent). The satellite correlation gave no convincing peak (0.23 against 0.22) and neither confirms nor contradicts it. Mackay (vol. I) says Block 1 lies across Main Street, 12 ft 3 in to 14 ft 8 in wide (3.7 to 4.5 m), directly east of the Bath; Pl. VI puts it between the Bath section and the stupa monastery. The Block 1 walls still overlap the Southern Buildings by about 9 m²; the Southern Buildings frame is the other uncertain one (±8 m).",
   "kind": "fitted"
  },
  {
   "id": "college.name",
   "level": "C",
   "name": "The plates call it “Block 1”; the name “College of Priests” is Mackay’s later guess and its function is not known",
   "note": "Pl. II(a) is captioned “Fenestrated court in Block 1”, and harappa.com describes the College’s fenestrated walls as copying the Bath’s, so the identification is likely; neither plate says it. Mackay’s suggestion that it housed a priest or priests has no supporting evidence (places file)."
  },
  {
   "id": "college.heights",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Heights of Block 1’s walls",
   "note": "Not measured. Pl. VII has sections AB, CD, EF, GH and a front elevation, but their vertical scale is not stated and the two level lines (200 ft and a datum of about 180.9 ft above sea level) sit about 1.2 m apart on the sheet where 19 ft should be, so the sections are not drawn to the plan’s scale in height. No wall height is read from them.",
   "kind": "inference"
  },
  {
   "id": "college.untraced",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Door openings, paving and bath details, drains, the walls beyond the block’s street edges, and any roof",
   "note": "Not traced: only black walls of the block itself. The two bounding streets and their walls are outside the trace. The upper floor that staircases in the block suggest is not modelled.",
   "kind": "inference"
  },
  {
   "id": "granary.blocks",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "The “Granary” podium: 27 blocks of Period I (3 rows of 9, field 49.5 × 16.3 m, columns 5.0 m wide at 5.5 m pitch, passages 0.5 to 0.7 m), seven Period II blocks on the south, and the walls round the “site of stair”",
   "note": "Wheeler 1953, The Indus Civilization (Cambridge History of India supplement), Fig. 8 (plan of Periods I to IIC, “later phases omitted”; the excavator’s plan as redrawn in a 1953 book). Scale bar 0–50 ft = 0–15 m read at 70.5 px/m (±1.5 %); the blocks were cut out by hatch density and checked on the plan. The plate in the book is small and the plan is redrawn, so ±0.5 m. The north loading platform, the stair, the well and the brick-pattern stair remains are not drawn. The seven southern blocks (4.2 to 5.4 m wide, 4.9 to 5.2 m deep, along the south edge of the field from x −6.5 to 29.2 m) and five wall pieces round the stair site at the south-west (walls about 1.0 to 1.2 m thick) were cut out the same way; ±0.5 m. Wheeler’s hatching separates Periods I, IIA, IIB and IIC; those four are not told apart here, and the figure says “later phases omitted”.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "label": "Wheeler 1953, on archive.org",
     "url": "https://archive.org/details/wheeler-mortimer-cambridge-history-of-india-the-indus-civilization"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "granary.position",
   "level": "B",
   "name": "Block field centre about 43 m west and 8.6 m south of the tank centre (±5 m)",
   "note": "Joined to the traced Bath plan through Wheeler’s own Fig. 8: it draws a line for the Bath’s west wall 29.4 to 30.0 m east of the field centre, and the south edge of the additions lines up with the Bath’s south front (Wheeler p. 31 to 32: “the same street-frontage”). The Bath building’s west face is at x −13.3 and its south face at z 22.0 in the tank frame, which gives x −43, z 8.6. The figure’s line for the Bath’s wall leans about 4° against its own grid, which is not explained (it may be Wheeler’s redrawing), so ±3 m and no extra turn. Wheeler’s Fig. 6 traced by hand puts the Granary 44 m west and 7 m south of the Bath building’s centre, which is −41, 4 in the tank frame; the satellite correlation gave x −39 to −41 and no clear z. The Granary, Bath and stupa axes agree within 0.5° (Jansen: 5.5, 5.3, 5.5 gon). Wheeler’s Fig. 6 gives the field at (−42.2, +3.3 to +3.9) from the tank centre: the same x, but 5 m north of the Bath-front join; the figure’s outline includes the loading platform, which moves its centre north by about 2 m. The error is therefore stated as ±5 m.",
   "kind": "fitted"
  },
  {
   "id": "granary.name",
   "level": "C",
   "name": "“Granary” is Wheeler’s 1950 name; Kenoyer prefers “Great Hall”; no grain was found and the function is not known",
   "note": "Marshall first took the block for a hot-air bath, Mackay for a possible “gigantic storehouse”; Wheeler read the passages as ventilation ducts for grain. The model names the 27 blocks only."
  },
  {
   "id": "granary.size",
   "level": "C",
   "name": "Size is not settled: the plan gives blocks 49.5 × 16.3 m (with the loading platform about 22.9 m wide); Wheeler’s text 150 × 75 ft (45.7 × 22.9 m); Kenoyer 50 × 27 m with the additions",
   "note": "The 49.5 × 16.3 m figure is the Period I field only (the drawn Granary now reaches 5.2 m further south, and its stair house about 12 m further south and 1 m further west). The plan’s north–south figure of 16.3 m plus a platform of about 6.6 m equals Wheeler’s 75 ft; the east–west 49.5 m matches Kenoyer’s 50 m and is 8 % more than Wheeler’s 150 ft. Pakistani web pages give 150 × 50 ft, which conflicts with Wheeler and is not used. A search snippet of 51 × 41 m could not be traced to a source and is not used."
  },
  {
   "id": "granary.heights",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Heights of the blocks and of any upper structure",
   "note": "Not measured. Marshall (1931 vol. I) gives passage walls about 4 ft 6 in (1.4 m) high as found, a figure for the passages, not for the blocks. Wheeler argues for a timber upper storey with a stair; no evidence for its form is in the sources used. The blocks are drawn at the 1.2 m placeholder in Remains, and no predicted superstructure is drawn.",
   "kind": "inference"
  },
  {
   "id": "granary.untraced",
   "level": "E",
   "name": "Loading platform, stair and well, the brick-pattern stair remains, the tower and the later phases",
   "note": "Not drawn: the loading platform on the north (about 5 to 6.6 m deep, drawn on Fig. 8 as an outline with dashed timber sockets, with no height or thickness stated), the steps of the stair at the south (about 4.5 m wide per Kenoyer), the well ring at the south-west, the brick-pattern stair remains inside the stair house, the brick tower to the south, and the later phases. They are on Wheeler’s Fig. 8 and can be traced later.",
   "kind": "inference"
  },
  {
   "id": "tx.cotton",
   "level": "C",
   "name": "Woven cotton fragment on a small silver case, Mohenjo-daro",
   "note": "Marshall 1931 vol. II records woven material preserved by silver salts on a small silver case. Turner (Bombay) reported fibres with the structure characteristic of cotton. The specimen is now untraced. Not drawn in the model. Sources seen only as search excerpts, not opened in full: to be verified.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "label": "harappa.com, cotton unearthed at Mohenjo-daro",
     "url": "https://www.harappa.com/content/quest-piece-cotton-unearthed-mohenjo-daro"
    }
   ],
   "verify": true
  },
  {
   "id": "tx.madder",
   "level": "E",
   "kind": "inference",
   "name": "Possible madder dye on that fragment",
   "note": "Repeated on government and museum pages citing Gulati and Turner and Marshall, but no analytical method is published and no modern analysis exists. Used only as \"possible red\", never as a drawn colour. Sources seen only as search excerpts, not opened in full: to be verified.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "label": "Indian Culture portal, textiles and fabrics",
     "url": "https://www.indianculture.gov.in/textiles-and-fabrics-of-india/history/history-eassay"
    },
    {
     "label": "Smarthistory, Priest-King",
     "url": "https://smarthistory.org/?p=76350"
    }
   ],
   "verify": true
  },
  {
   "id": "tx.priestking.cloak",
   "level": "C",
   "name": "Priest-King statuette: cloak over the left shoulder, right arm free, carved trefoil and circle motifs with traces of red pigment",
   "note": "Marshall 1931: text on pp. 356-7 (probably vol. I) and Pl. XCVIII (vol. III); volume and pages to be confirmed; National Museum, Karachi. Found in the DK area; sources give 1925 to 1927. Description only: whom it shows is not known. Sources seen only as search excerpts, not opened in full: to be verified.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "label": "harappa.com, Priest-King slide",
     "url": "https://www.harappa.com/slide/priest-king-mohenjo-daro"
    },
    {
     "label": "Wikipedia, Priest-King (sculpture)",
     "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priest-King_(sculpture)"
    }
   ],
   "verify": true
  },
  {
   "id": "tx.cloak.technique",
   "level": "E",
   "kind": "inference",
   "name": "How the cloak pattern was made is unresolved",
   "note": "Some read the raised trefoils as embroidery or applied ornament, others as printed or dyed cloth. No patterned textile survives. The model shows no cloak pattern on any figure. Sources seen only as search excerpts, not opened in full: to be verified.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "label": "Brewminate summary",
     "url": "https://brewminate.com/the-priest-king-sculpture-from-the-ancient-indus-valley-civilization/"
    }
   ],
   "verify": true
  },
  {
   "id": "tx.ajrak",
   "level": "E",
   "kind": "inference",
   "name": "Comparison of the trefoil with the ajrak \"cloud\" motif (unsupported as history)",
   "note": "Rests on a visual likeness and a craft tradition (Bilgrami 1990; a 2000 Textile Society paper). No printed Indus cloth is known; the earliest printed cottons related to ajrak are 11th to 14th century AD (Fustat). No peer-reviewed support for continuity was found. Sources seen only as search excerpts, not opened in full: to be verified.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "label": "Textile Society of America, 2000",
     "url": "https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/tsaconf/771/"
    },
    {
     "label": "Sahapedia, Ajrakh",
     "url": "https://www.sahapedia.org/ajrakh-introduction-0"
    }
   ],
   "verify": true
  },
  {
   "id": "tx.figurine.dress",
   "level": "C",
   "name": "Dress on figurines: hip belt or short skirt and a fan-shaped headdress on terracotta women; the bronze Dancing Girl is unclothed with bangles",
   "note": "Harappa terracottas, as described by Kenoyer and others. What the clothes were made of, and their cut and colour, are interpretation. The scenery figures use plain wraps as an illustration only. Sources seen only as search excerpts, not opened in full: to be verified.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "label": "harappa.com, Embodying Indus life",
     "url": "https://www.harappa.com/slideshows/embodying-indus-life"
    }
   ],
   "verify": true
  },
  {
   "id": "pk.name",
   "level": "C",
   "name": "\"Priest-King\" is a modern label, not a finding",
   "note": "Marshall (1931) wrote \"king-priest\", Mackay \"priest\"; Wheeler inverted it by analogy with Sumer. Nothing on the statue shows rank. No ruler, throne or palace is drawn in the model. Sources seen only as search excerpts, not opened in full: to be verified.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "label": "harappa.com, finding the Priest-King",
     "url": "https://www.harappa.com/blog/finding-priest-king"
    },
    {
     "label": "Wikipedia, Priest-King (sculpture)",
     "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priest-King_(sculpture)"
    }
   ],
   "verify": true
  },
  {
   "id": "pk.rulers",
   "level": "E",
   "kind": "inference",
   "name": "Whether the Indus cities had rulers is disputed; no source cites evidence of a king",
   "note": "Possehl: complexity without a state. Kenoyer: competing elites, perhaps a city-state. Ratnagar: an early state. Green 2021: no ruling class visible. The model takes no side and shows none. Sources seen only as search excerpts, not opened in full: to be verified.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "label": "Green 2021, Journal of Archaeological Research",
     "url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10814-020-09147-9"
    },
    {
     "label": "harappa.com, Killing the Priest-King",
     "url": "https://www.harappa.com/content/killing-priest-king-addressing-egalitarianism-indus-civilization"
    }
   ],
   "verify": true
  },
  {
   "id": "trade.west",
   "level": "C",
   "name": "Overseas exchange c. 2500 to 2000 BCE: Indus seals, carnelian beads and weights at Mesopotamian, Gulf and Omani sites; Mesopotamian texts name Meluhha as a trade partner",
   "note": "A few dozen Indus seals are reported in Mesopotamia and the Gulf (counts differ by source). Meluhha as the Indus region is a strong inference. The Shu-ilishu seal is unprovenanced. Nothing of this is drawn at Mohenjo-daro. Sources seen only as search excerpts, not opened in full: to be verified.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "label": "harappa.com, Babylonia, the Gulf and the Indus",
     "url": "https://www.harappa.com/content/babylonia-gulf-region-and-indus-archaeological-and-textual-evidence-contact-third-and-early"
    },
    {
     "label": "Penn Museum, Shu-ilishu seal",
     "url": "https://www.penn.museum/sites/expedition/shu-ilishus-cylinder-seal/"
    }
   ],
   "verify": true
  },
  {
   "id": "trade.river",
   "level": "E",
   "kind": "inference",
   "name": "Use of the Indus for transport is inferred from a boat seal and a boat tablet",
   "note": "Mackay (1938) thought it \"more than probable\". No port, jetty or boat is excavated at the site. Boats in the scene are illustrations. Sources seen only as search excerpts, not opened in full: to be verified.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "label": "harappa.com, Indus boat seal",
     "url": "https://www.harappa.com/blog/indus-boat-seal"
    }
   ],
   "verify": true
  },
  {
   "id": "trade.benches",
   "level": "C",
   "name": "First Street platforms read by Mackay as bazaar stalls; no marketplace or shop is securely identified",
   "note": "Mackay 1938 vol. I, p. 27: platforms about 4.5 ft wide for 124 ft along Blocks 5 and 6. The benches are an excavated structure; \"bazaar\" is his reading, and specialists today call shops at Indus sites unproven. Goods on benches are illustration. Sources seen only as search excerpts, not opened in full: to be verified.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "label": "harappa.com, First Street",
     "url": "https://www.harappa.com/blog/first-street-mohenjo-daro"
    },
    {
     "label": "harappa.com, remains of a marketplace or shop?",
     "url": "https://www.harappa.com/answers/have-remains-marketplace-or-shop-been-found-any-indus-sites"
    }
   ],
   "verify": true
  },
  {
   "id": "trade.egypt-china",
   "level": "E",
   "kind": "inference",
   "name": "No Indus material in Egypt or China, and none from them at Indus sites (negative result)",
   "note": "Specialists report no evidence of direct or indirect Egyptian contact. Local vesuvianite-grossular, not Chinese jade, was used for \"jade\" beads; Indus silk is wild silk argued as independent of China. Assyrian texts placing Meluhha near Egypt are a later change of the name. Not drawn. Sources seen only as search excerpts, not opened in full: to be verified.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "label": "harappa.com, evidence of trade with Egypt?",
     "url": "https://www.harappa.com/answers/there-any-evidence-trade-egypt-and-minoan-crete"
    },
    {
     "label": "harappa.com, early silk",
     "url": "https://www.harappa.com/content/new-evidence-early-silk-indus-civilization"
    }
   ],
   "verify": true
  }
 ],
 "kindNote": "kind (level E records only): inference = a reasoned guess about the buildings or setting; illustration = set dressing that shows life and scale, whose number, places and look are invented. kind \"fitted\" (position records): the position was fitted by us to plates or satellite imagery, not surveyed."
}